It is the 314th day of the year with only 51 days remaining.
1619 - Rene Descartes has the dreams that eventually inspire his Meditations on First Philosophy.
1775 - The United States Marine Corp is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia, by Samuel Nicholas.
1865 - Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged. He becomes the only American Civil War solider executed for war crimes.
1871 - Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika. He famously greets him with the words, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
1944 - The ammunition ship USS Mount Hood, explodes at Seeadler Harbor, Manus, Admiralty Islands, killing at least 432 and wounding 371 individuals.
1951 - Direct dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.
1954 - Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the Iwo Jima memorial or the USMC War Memorial in Arlington National Cemetery.
1958 - The Hope Diamond is donated to the Smithsonian Institution by merchant Harry Winston from New York.
1970 - For the first time in five years, an entire week ends with no reports of American combat fatalities in Southeast Asia.
1971 - In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city of Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine aircraft.
1997 - WorldCom and MCI Communication announce a $37 billion merger, the largest in U.S. history at the time.
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