It is the 253rd day of the year with only 112 days remaining until the new year.
1547 - The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI.
1608 - John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia.
1776 - Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the United States Continental Army.
1813 - The United States defeats the British Fleet at the Battle of lake Erie during the War of 1812.
1823 - Simon Bolivar is named the President of Peru.
1846 - Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine.
1897 - A sheriff's posse kills 20 unarmed immigrant miners in Hazelton, Pennsylvania, known as the Lattimer Massacre.
1929 - American golfer Arnold Palmer is born. He is recognized as one of the greatest players in professional golf.
1934 - Roger Maris is born. He is an American baseball player who hit 61 home runs for the New York Yankees, breaking Babe Ruth's single-season record, one that stood for 37 years.
1943 - German forces begin their occupation of Rome during the Second World War.
1950 - Joe Perry, lead guitarist and contributing songwriter for the rock band Aerosmith is born.
1961 - A crash during the Italian Grand Prix, causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari.
1963 - Randy Johnson is born. He is an American baseball left-handed pitcher, known as The Big Unit and pitched 22 seasons for six different teams.
1974 - Guinea-Bissau gains its independence from Portugal.
1977 - Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France.
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