It is the 88th day of the year, with only 277 days remaining until the end of the year.
1500 - Cesare Borgia is given the title of Captain General and Gonfalonier by his father Rodrigo Borgia after returning from his conquests in the Romagna.
1847 - United States forces led by General Winfield Scott take Veracruz after a siege of the city, during the Mexican-American War.
1865 - Federal forces under Major General Philip Sheridan move to flank Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee as the Appomattox Campaign begins.
1886 - Dr. John Pemberton brews the first batch of Coca-Cola in a backyard in Atlanta, Georgia.
1911 - The M1911, .45 ACP pistol becomes the official U.S. Army side arm.
1936 - In Germany, Adolf Hitler receives 99% of the votes in a referendum to ratify Germany's illegal reoccupation of the Rhineland, receiving 44.5 million votes out of 45.5 million registered voters.
1951 - Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage.
1961 - The Twenty-third Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, allowed residents of Washington, D.C., to vote in the presidential elections.
1971 - Lieutenant William Calley is convicted of premeditated murder and sentenced to life in prison.
1971 - A Los Angeles, California jury recommends the death penalty for Charles Manson and the three female followers.
1973 - The last United States combat soldiers leave South Vietnam.
1974 - NASA's Mariner 10, becomes the first space probe to fly by Mercury. It was launched at the beginning of November the previous year.
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