7th of September

It is the 250th day of the year, with 115 days remaining until the end of the year.

70 - A Roman army under Titus, occupies and plunders Jerusalem.

1191 - Richard I of England defeats Saladin at the Battle of Arsuf, during the Third Crusade.

1776 - The American submersible craft Turtle, attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship, the HMS Eagle in New York Harbor.

1812 - Napoleon wins a Pyrrhic victory over the Russian army of Alexander I, near the village of Borodino.

1821 - The Republic of Gran Colombia, a federation that covers much of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, is established.  Simon Bolivar is founding president and Francisco de Paula Santander is vice president.

1822 - Dom Pedro I, declares Brazil independet from Portugal, on the shores of the Ipiranga creek in Sao Paulo.

1860 - The steamship Lady Elgin, sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 400 lives.

1864 - Atlanta, Georgia is evacuated under the orders of Union General William T. Sherman.

1876 - In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and his gang attempt to rob the town's bank.  Interestingly, they are driven off by many of the local armed citizens.

1901 - The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.

1927 - The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Taylor Farnsworth.

1940 - Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London, England, as the start of the Blitz.  This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing.

1942 - 8,700 Jews of Kolomyia, now western Ukraine, are sent by German Gestapo individuals to the death camp at Belzec.

1942 - It is the first flight of the Consolidated B-32 Dominator.

1945 - Japanese forces on Wake Island, surrender to United States Marines.  They had held their positions since December of 1941.

1963 - The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.

1965 - United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula.

1970 - Bill Shoemaker, sets the record for the most lifetime wins as a jockey.

1978 - Keith Moon, drummer of the rock band The Who, passes away from taking 32 tablets of Clomethiazole, a sedative to alleviate his alcohol withdrawal.  He was only 32 years of age.

1979 - The Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, better known as ESPN, makes its debut.

1979 - The Chrysler Corporation asks the U.S. government for a cool $1.5 billion to avoid bankruptcy.

1996 - American hip-hop star Tupac Shakur is fatally shot four times on the Las Vegas strip after leaving the Tyson-Seldon boxing match.

1999 - A 5.9-magnitude earthquake shakes Athens, Greece.  It ruptures a previously unknown fault, killing 143, injuring more than 500, and leaving 50,000 people homeless.

6th of September

Today is the 249th day of the year, with 116 day remaining until the new year.

1492 - Christopher Columbus sails from La Gomera in the Canary Islands, his final port of call before crossing the Atlantic ocean for the first time.

1522 - The Victoria, the only surviving ship of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, returns to Sanlucar de Barrameda in Spain, becoming the first ship to circumnavigate the world.

1628 - Puritans settle in Salem, which will later become part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

1819 - United States Army officer and ambassador to Mexico, William Rosecrans is born.

1847 - Henry David Thoreau leaves Walden Pond and moves in with Ralph Waldo Emerson and his family in Concord, Massachusetts.

1861 - Forces under General Ulysses S. Grant, capture Paducah, Kentucky, giving the Union control of the mouth of the Tennessee River.

1870 - Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming, becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally after 1807.

1888 - Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. is born.  He is the prominent American business and political figure, as well as the father of the Kennedy family, that has become famous today.

1901 - Anarchist Leon Czolgosz, shoots and mortally wounds President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.

1944 - The city of Ypres, Belgium, is liberated by Allied forces.

1949 - Allied military authorities relinquish control of former Nazi Germany assets back to German control.

1991 - The name Saint Petersburg, is restored to Russia's second largest city, which had previously been named Leningrad in 1924.

1995 - Cal Ripken Jr. of the Baltimore Orioles, plays in his 2,131st consecutive game breaking a record that stood for 56 years.

1997 - The funeral of Princess Diana takes place in London, over a million people lined the streets and 2.5 billion watched around the world on television.

5th of September

It is the 248th day of the year, with 117 days remaining.

1666 - The Great Fire of London ends.  Over 10,000 buildings including St. Paul's Cathedral are destroyed, but only 16 people are known to have perished.

1698 - In an effort to westernize the nobility, Tsar Peter I of Russia, imposes a tax on beards for all men except the clergy and peasantry.

1774 - The First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1836 - Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.

1839 - The First Opium War begins in China.

1847 - Jesse James, American outlaw, gang leader, bank robber, train robber, and murderer, is born.

1877 - Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse, is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson, Nebraska.

1882 - The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.

1906 - The first legal forward pass in American football is thrown by Bradbury Robinson of St. Louis University to teammate Jack Schneider, in a 22-0 victory over Carroll College.

1914 - The First Battle of the Marne begins, northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces.

1927 - The first Oswald the Lucky Rabbit cartoon, Trolley Troubles, produced by Walt Disney, is released by Universal Pictures.

1942 - Japanese high command orders a withdrawal at Milne Bay, the first Japanese defeat in the Pacific Theater.

1946 - British musician, most famous as the lead vocalist of the rock band Queen, Freddie Mercury is born.

1960 - Boxer Muhammad Ali, then Cassius Clay, is awarded the gold medal for his first place finish in the light heavyweight boxing competition at the Olympic Games in Rome.

1969 - U.S. Army Lt. William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in the My Lai Massacre.

1970 - Operation Jefferson Glenn begins, as the 101st Airborne and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division, initiate a new operation in Thua Thien-Hue Province.

1972 - A Palestinian terrorist group called Black September, attack and take hostage 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games.  2 die in the attack and 9 die the following day.

1975 - In Sacramento, California, Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate President Gerald Ford.

1980 - The St. Gotthard Tunnel opens in Switzerland, as the world's longest highway tunnel at 10.14 miles (16.224 km), stretching from Goschenen to Airolo.

1997 - Mother Teresa, Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, known for her humanitarian work, passes away at the age of 87.

4th of September

Today is the 247th day of the year and there are 118 days remaining until the end of the year.

1781 - Los Angeles, California is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora La Reina de los Angeles de Porciuncula (The Village of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels of Porziuncola), by 44 Spanish settlers.

1862 - General Robert E. Lee takes the Army of Northern Virginia, and the entire war, in the North and out of the southern states for the time being.

1886 - After 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.

1888 - George Eastman registers his trademark Kodak, and receives a patent for his camera that uses roll film.

1894 - In New York City, 12,000 tailors strike against sweatshop working conditions.

1939 - A Bristol Blenheim is the first British aircraft to cross German coast following the declaration of war, as well as German ships are bombed.

1941 - A German submarine makes the first attack against a United States ship, the USS Greer.

1967 - Operation Swift begins as U.S. Marines engage the North Vietnamese in battle in the Que Son Valley.

1972 - Mark Spitz becomes the first competitor to win seven medals at a single Olympic Games.

1974 - United States Army General Creighton Abrams, passes away at the age 59.  He commanded military operations in Vietnam from '68-'72 and served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1972 until shortly before his death.  XM1 main battle tank was named in his honor.

1986 - American professional baseball player, and first baseman for the Detroit Tigers, dies at the age of 75.

1998 - Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, while being enrolled at Stanford University.

2006 - Steve Irwin, The Crocodile Hunter, dies at the age of 44, after being pierced in the chest by a stingray barb while filming an underwater documentary.

3rd of September

It is the 246th day of the year and there are 119 days remaining until the new year.

301 - San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world's oldest republic still in existence, is founded by the Saint Marinus.

1189 - Richard I of England, more commonly referred to as Richard the Lionheart, is crowned at Westminster.

1777 - During the Battle of Cooch's Bridge, the Flag of the United States is flown in conflict for the first time.

1783 - The American Revolutionary War ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain.

1838 - Dressed in a sailor's uniform and carrying identification papers provided by a Free Black seaman, future abolitionist Frederick Douglass, boards a train to Maryland on his way to freedom.

1855 - In Nebraska, 700 soldiers under United States General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan Massacre by attacking a Sioux village and killing 100 men, women, and children.

1861 - Confederate General Leonidas Polk invades neutral Kentucky, prompting the state legislature to ask for Union assistance.

1875 - Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian automotive engineer, creator of the first hybrid vehicle, the Volkswagen Beetle, and many Porsche automobiles, is born.

1933 - Yevgeniy Abalakov is the first man to reach the highest point in the Soviet Union, now called Ismoil Somoni Peak and situated in Tajikistan.  It is a height of 7,495 meters.

1935 - Sir Malcolm Campbell reaches a speed of 304.331 miles per hour on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah.  He becomes the first person to drive and automobile over 300 mph.

1939 - France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia declare war on Germany, forming the Allied powers.

1941 - Karl Fritzsch, deputy camp commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, experiments with the use of Zyklon B ins the gassing of Soviet prisoners of war.

1944 - Diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed on the last transport train from Westerbork to Auschwitz, arriving almost three days later.

1962 - American poet, whose work encompasses 2,900 poems, E. E. Cummings dies at the age of 67.

1967 - Francis Ouimet, winner of the 1913 U. S. Open as an amateur, and was the first American elected Captain of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews, passes away at the age of 74.

1970 - American football coach and well-known head coach of the Green Bay Packers, Vince Lombardi, passes away at the age of 57.

1971 - Qatar becomes an independent state.

1976 - The American Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars.

1982 - Andrew McMahon, pianist, vocalist, and songwriter for piano rock bands Something Corporate and Jack's Mannequin, is born.

1986 - American professional snowboarder and skateboarder, and two-time Olympic gold medalist, Shaun White is born.

2nd of September

It is the 245th day of the year, with 120 days remaining.

44 BC - Cicero, Roman politician, launches the first of his Phillipics or oratorial attacks on Mark Antony.  He will make a total of 14 of them over the following months.

31 BC - Battle of Actium occurs off the western coast of Greece.  Forces of Roman Emperor Octavian, defeat troops under the command of Mark Antony and Cleopatra.

1666 AD - The Great Fire of London breaks out and burns for a total of three days.  It destroys over 10,000 buildings and structures, including St. Paul's Cathedral.

1752 - Great Britain finally adopts the Gregorian calendar, nearly two centuries later than most of Western Europe.

1789 - The United States Department of the Treasury is founded.

1792 - During what became known as the September Massacres of the French Revolution, rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than 200 priests, and other prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.

1838 - Liliuokalani, the last monarch and only queen regnant of the Kingdom of Hawai'i, is born.

1850 - Albert Spalding, professional baseball player and co-founder of A.G. Spalding sporting goods company, is born.

1862 - Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George B. McClellan to full command after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Battle of Second Bull Run.

1864 - Union forces enter the city of Atlanta, Georgia.  It is one day after the Confederate defenders flee the city.

1870 - At the Battle of Sedan, Prussian forces take Napoleon III of France and 100,000 of his soldiers prisoner during the Franco-Prussian War.

1885 - In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who are struggling to unionize so they could strike for better wages and work conditions, attack their fellow Chinese workers.  They kill 28, wound 15, and force several hundred more out of town.

1901 - U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick," at the Minnesota State Fair.

1945 - The Instrument of Surrender of Japan is signed by Japanese Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu and accepted aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.

1945 - Vietnam declares its independence, forming the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

1969 - Vietnamese Marxist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and president of North Vietnam, dies as the age of 79.

1973 - J. R. R. Tolkien, English writer, poet and professor, best known for his works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion, passes away at the age of 81.

1st of September

It is the 244th day of the year with only 121 days remaining until the end of the year.

Today is also the beginning of the ninth month of the year.

1532 - Lady Anne Boleyn is made Marquess of Pembroke by her fiance, King Henry VIII of England.

1715 - King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years, the longest of any major European monarch.

1772 - The Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, is founded in San Luis Obispo, California.

1836 - Narcissa Whitman, one of the first English-speaking white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives in Walla Walla, Washington.

1862 - Confederate forces attack retreating Union troops during the Battle of Chantilly.

1864 - Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege by General William T. Sherman.

1875 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Pennsylvania Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires," to disband.

1878 - Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she was recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.

1897 - The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground rapid transit system in North America.

1902 - A Trip to the Moon, considered one of the first science fiction films, is released in France.

1914 - The last passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.

1923 - The Great Kanto earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, Japan, killing about 105,000 people.

1939 - Nazi Germany invades Poland, beginning the war in Europe and soon creating a global conflict.

1939 - George C. Marshall becomes Chief of Staff of the United States Army.

1939 - The Wound Badge for Wehrmacht, SS, Kriegsmarine, and Luftwaffe soldiers is instituted.  The final version of the Iron Cross is also instituted.

1951 - The United States, Australia, and New Zealand, sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS treaty.

1972 - In Reykjavik, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.

1974 - The SR-71 Blackbird sets the record for flying from New York to London in the time of 1 hour, 54 minutes, and 56.4 seconds.

1979 - The American space probe Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn, when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 kilometers.

1985 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreckage of the RMS Titanic.

1991 - Uzbekistan declares its independence from the Soviet Union.