1099 - During the First Crusade, Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the defender of the Holy Sepulchre of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
1298 - Battle of Fallkirk during the Wars of Scottish Independence, King Edward I of England and his highly skilled longbowmen defeat the famous William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons.
1478 - King Philip I of Castile is born. He was the son of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, and inherited the Duchy of Burgundy and the Burgundian Netherlands. He was the first Habsburg monarch in Spain.
1499 - The Battle of Dornach occurs, where the Swiss decisively defeat the the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
1510 - Alessandro de Medici, believed to be the illegitimate son of Giulio de Medici, future Duke of Florence, and commonly referred to as "il Moro" is born.
1587 - A second group of English settlers arrive at the Colony on Roanoke Island, off the coast of North Carolina, to re-establish the deserted village.
1726 - Hugh Drysdale, British Colonial Governor of Virginia, passed away this day.
1797 - Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife during the French Revolutionary War. Conflict between Spanish and British naval forces on the high seas. Famed Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson was wounded in the arm and the arm had to be partially amputated.
1812 - During the Napoleonic Wars, occurred the Battle of Salamanca, where British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French forces near Spain.
1832 - Napoleon II, son of Napoleon Bonaparte, became Emperor of the French in 1815 and named King of Rome since birth, died.
1864 - Outside the city of Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood attacks Union General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill. The assault was unsuccessful and fighting would continue for the major city for less than two months. During the above battle, James B. McPherson, was killed during the conflict. He was the second highest ranking Union officer to be killed during the war and the only Army commander to die on the field of battle.
1903 - The American emancipationist, Cassius Marcellus Clay, died at the age of 92.
1923 - American politican and the 1996 Republican Presidential Candidate, Bob Dole was born today.
1933 - Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly solo around the world. He traveled 15,596 miles or 25,099 km in only seven days, eighteen hours, and forty-five minutes. (7 d, 8 h, 45 m)
1934 - Outside the Biograph Theater in Chicago, the infamous "Public Enemy Number 1," John Dillinger is mortally wounded, and would die a few minutes later.
1940 - Alex Trebek, famed game show host of Jeopardy!, was born this day.
1942 - During World War II, the systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins. 254,000 residents were sent to the Treblinka extermination camp over the course of two months.
1943 - Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
1946 - African-american actor and film director, Danny Glover, was born.
1951 - Dezik and Tsygan were the first dogs to make a sub-orbital flight. Sent up by the Russians, both dogs returned unharmed after traveling to a maximum altitude of 110 km or 68 miles (360, 892 feet).
1955 - Willem Dafoe, famed American film, stage, and voice actor was born.
1964 - American actor, comedian, and television personality David Spade was born. He is known for his stint on Saturday Night Live, as well as, comedic performances alongside Chris Farley.
2003 - Members of the 101st Airborne, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq. The teams killed Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year-old son and bodyguard.
Ratcatcher's Day is celebrated today, commemorating the myth of the Pied Piper of Hamelin, Germany leading the children out of the town. Based off of Robert Browning's poem, giving the event this date in 1376.
Lawrence of Brindisi - born Giulio Cesare Russo on this date in 1559, in the Kingdom of Naples to Venetian Merchants. He was a Roman Catholic Priest and a member of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin. He passed away this day at the age of 60 in Lisbon.
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