Friday, October 14, 2011

14th of October

It is the 287th day of the year and there are only 78 day remaining.

1066 - In England on Senlac Hill, seven miles from Hastings, the Norman forces of William the Conqueror defeat the English army and kill Harold II of England.

1322 - Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's independence.

1586 - Mary, Queen of Scots, goes on trial for conspiracy against Elizabeth I of England.

1863 - At the Battle of Bristoe Station occurs, when Confederate troops under the command of General Robert E. Lee fail to drive the Union Army completely out of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

1867 - The 15th and the last military Shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate resigns in Japan, returning his power to the Emperor of Japan and thence to the re-established civil government of Japan.

1884 - The American inventor, George Eastman, receives a U.S. Government patent on his new paper-strip photographic film.

1908 - The Chicago Cubs defeat the Detroit Tigers, by a score of 2 to 0, clinching the World Series.  It would be their last one to date.

1910 - The English aviator Claude Grahame-White lands his Farman Aircraft biplane on Executive Avenue near the White House in Washington, D.C.

1912 - While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the former President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, is shot and mildly wounded by John Schrank, a mentally-disturbed saloon keeper.  With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still there, Roosevelt still finishes his scheduled public speech.

1926 - The children's book Winnie the Pooh, by A.A. Milne, is first published.

1938 - The first flight of the Curtiss Aircraft P-40 Warhawk fighter plane.

1943 - Prisoners at the Nazi German extermination camp in Sobibor, Poland, revolt against their captors.  They kill eleven SS guards, and wounding many more.  About 300 of the camp's 600 prisoners escape, and about 50 end up surviving the end of the war.

1947 - Captain Chuck Yeager of the Air Force, flies a Bell X-1 rocket-powered experimental aircraft, faster than the speed of sound.

1958 - The American Atomic Energy Commission, with supporting military units, carries out an undergroun nuclear weapon test at the Nevada Test Site.

1962 - An Air Force U-2 reconnaissance plane, flies over the island of Cuba and take photographs of Soviet missiles being installed and erected in Cuba.

1968 - The Department of Defense announces that the Army and Marine Corps, will send 24,000 soldiers back to Vietnam, for an involuntary second tour of duty.

1982 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan proclaims a War on Drugs.

2003 - Chicago Cubs fan Steve Bartman becomes infamously known as the scapegoat for the Cubs losing game 6 of the National League Championship Series to the Florida Marlins.

Thursday, October 13, 2011

13th of October

It is the 286th day of the year, with only 79 days remaining.

54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne.

1307 - Hundreds of Templar Knights in France are arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortued into a confession of heresy.

1775 - The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy.

1792 - In Washington, D.C., the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion is laid.

1944 - Riga, the capital of Latvia is liberated by the Red Army.

1967 - The first game in the history of the American Basketball Association is played as the Anaheim Amigos lose to the Oakland Oaks, 134 to 129.

1983 - Ameritech Mobile Communications, now known as AT&T, launches the first cellular network in Chicago, Illinois.

2010 - A mining accident in Copiapo, Chile comes to end as all 33 miners arrive at the surface after surviving a record 69 days underground awaiting rescue.

Wednesday, October 12, 2011

12th of October

Today is the 285th day of the year, and 80 days are remaining until the end of the year.

1492 - Christopher Columbus' expedition makes landfall in the Caribbean, specifically the Bahamas.  The explorer believes he has reached South Asia.

1773 - America's first insane asylum opens for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds in Virginia.

1810 - The Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese won Sachsen-Hildburghausen, is the First Oktoberfest.

1892 - The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited by students in many U.S. public schools, as part of a celebration marking the 400th anniversary of Columbus' voyage.

1901 - President Theodore Roosevelt officially renamed the Executive Mansion, the White House instead.

1917 - The First Battle of Passchendaele takes place resulting in the largest single day loss of life in New Zealand history.

1918 - A massive forest fire kills 453 people in Minnesota.

1928 - An iron lung respirator is used for the first time at a Children's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts.

1933 - The United States Army Disciplinary Barracks on Alcatraz Island, is acquired by the Department of Justice.

1945 - Desmond Doss is the first conscientious objector to receive the U.S. Medal of Honor.

1964 - The Soviet Union launches Voskhod 1 into Earth's orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without space suits.

1968 - Equatorial Guinea becomes independent from Spain.

1972 - The USS Kitty Hawk, en route to her station in the Gulf of Tonkin, breaks out in a race riot on the decks involving more than 200 sailors.  Nearly 50 were injured in this widely-publicized incident.

1970 - President Richard Nixon, announces that the United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops before Christmas.

1994 - NASA loses radio contact with the Magellan spacecraft as the probe descends into the thick atmosphere of Venus.  It is presumed that it burned up in the atmosphere.

1999 - The proclaimed 6 billionth living human in the world is born.

Tuesday, October 11, 2011

11th of October

Today is the 284th day of the year, with 81 days remaining until the end of the year.

1776 - On Lake Champlain, 15 American gunboats are defeated but give Patriot forces enough time to prepare defense of New York City, during the Battle of Valcour Island.

1809 - Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand.

1862 - In the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart and his men loot Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, during a raid into the north.

1910 - Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. President to fly in an airplane.  He flew for four minutes with Arch Hoxsey at Kinloch Field, St. Louis, Missouri.

1929 - JC Penney opens store #1252 in Milford, Delaware, making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 states.

1954 - The Viet Minh take control of North Vietnam.

1957 - Massachusetts Institute of Technology scientists calculate Sputnik 1's booster rocket orbit.

1968 - Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele, and Walter Cunningham aboard.

1975 - The NBC sketch comedy/variety show Saturday Night Live debuts with George Carlin as the host, Andy Kaufman, Janis Ian, and Billy Preston.

1976 - George Washington's appointment, posthumously, to the grade of General of the Armies of the United States by congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 is approved by President Gerald R. Ford.

1984 - Aboard the space shuttle Challenger, Kathryn Sullivan, becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.

2000 - NASA launches the 100th space shuttle mission, using the Space Shuttle Discovery.

Monday, October 10, 2011

10th of October

It is the 283rd day of the year, with 82 days remaining.

19 AD - Germanicus, was a member of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty and a prominent general of the Roman Empire.  He died at the young age of 33.

1471 - At the Battle of Brunkeberg in Stockholm, Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with the help of both farmers and miners, repel and attack by the King of Denmark, Christian I/

1580 - After a three-day siege, the English Army beheads over 600 Irish and Papal soldiers and civilians at Dun an Oir, Ireland.

1780 - A great hurricane along the coast and area of the Caribbean kills an estimated 300,000 people.

1845 - In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School opens with 50 midshipman students and seven professors.  It will later be renamed the United States Naval Academy.

1868 - Carlos Cespedes issues the Grito de Yara from his plantation, La Demajagua, proclaiming Cuba's independence.

1875 - Aleksey Tolstoy, a Russian poet, novelist, and playwright passes away.

1911 - The Wuchang Uprising leads to the demise of Qing Dynasty, the last Imperial court in China, and the founding of the Republic of China.

1913 - President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.

1928 - Chiang Kai-Shek becomes the Chairman of the Republic of China.

1938 - The Munich Agreement cedes the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.

1964 - The opening ceremony at the Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, is broadcast live in the first Olympic telecast relayed by geostationary communication satellite.

1970 - The island nation of Fiji gains its independence from the United Kingdom.

1971 - The original London Bridge of 1831, that spanned the River Thames, is sold, dismantled and moved to the United States.  It reopens in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.  It is reinforced concrete structure, clad in the original masonry of the English bridge, bought by Robert P. McCulloch.

1973 - Vice President of the United States Spiro Agnew, resigns after being charged with federal income tax evasion.

1985 - Orson Welles, American film director, screenwriter, producer, passes away at the age of 70. 

2004 - American actor known for his role as Superman, Christopher Reeve passes away at age 52.

2009 - After having closed borders for about two hundred years, Armenia and Turkey sign protocols in Zurich, Switzerland to open their borders. 

Sunday, October 9, 2011

9th of October

It is the 282nd day of the year, with 83 days remaining until the new year.

1604 - The most recent supernova is observed in the Milky Way galaxy.

1635 - Founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, as a religious dissident after he speaks out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.

1701 - The Collegiate School of Connecticut, later renamed Yale, is chartered in Old Saybrook.

1820 - Guayaquil declares its independence from the Spanish Empire.

1861 - Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens, as the Battle of Santa Rosa Island.

1864 - Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces during the Battle off Tom's Brook.

1888 - The Washington Monument opens to the general public.

1919 - The Cincinnati Reds win the World Series, and begins the event known as the Black Sox scandal.

1936 - Generators at Boulder Dam (Hoover Dam), begin to generate electricity, from the Colorado River and transmits it 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.

1940 - During a night-time air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral in the City of London, England is hit by a bomb.

1945 - Parade in New York City for Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, and 13 Navy men and Marines who are Medal of Honor recipients.

1967 - A day after being captured, Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara, is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.

1986 - The musical, Phantom of the Opera, has its first performance at Her Majesty's Theater in London.

1989 - An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.

1992 - A 13 kilogram fragment of a meteorite, lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu.

1999 - This date marks the last flight of the SR-71 Blackbird.

2006 - North Korea allegedly tests its first nuclear device.

Saturday, October 8, 2011

8th of October

It is the 218st day of the year, with only 84 days remaining.

1806 - Forces of the British Empire, lay siege to the port of Boulogne, France, by using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve.

1860 - Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.

1862 - Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at the Battle of Perryville.

1895 - Queen Min of Joseon, the last empress of Korea, is assassinated and her corpse burned by the Japanese in Gyeongbok Palace.

1918 - In the Argonne Forest in France, United States Corporal Alvin C. York leads an attack that kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132 people.

1921 - KDKA in Pittsburgh's Forbes Field, conducts the first live broadcast of a football game.

1944 - The Battle of Crucifix Hill occurs just outside Aachen.  Captain Bobbie Brown, receives a Medal of Honor for his heroics in this battle.

1956 - New York Yankees, Don Larson, pitched the only perfect game in a World Series, and one of 20 perfect game in baseball history.

1967 - Guerilla leader Che Guevara and his men, are captured in Bolivia.

1968 - Operation Sealords begins, with United States and South Vietnamese forces launching a new operation in the Mekong Delta.

1978 - Australia's Ken Warby, sets the current world water speed record at 317.60 mph at Blowering Dam in his native country.

2001 - United States President George W. Bush, announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.